The region is home to the Berber ethnic minority and was among the first to rise against Gaddafi who has been in power since 1969. Fighting has intensified there since rebels seized the Dehiba border crossing into Tunisia last month, opening an artery for badly-needed supplies.
But their hold on the flat-topped mountains is precarious and there is no sign they can advance against the superior firepower of forces loyal to Gaddafi.
NATO ACCUSED
Zintan, around 150 km (90 miles) southwest of Tripoli, is surrounded on three sides, according to rebel fighters and medical workers ferrying the wounded out across the border.
The front-line is fluid and Gaddafi's forces hold the desert valleys, lobbing mortars and rockets at the mountains above.
New York-based Human Rights Watch accused loyalist forces on Monday of "repeated indiscriminate attacks" on residential areas in the mountain towns of Nalut, Takut and Zintan.
The war has killed thousands and caused extensive suffering, not least for African migrants forced to flee.
In one possible example, NATO said on Monday it was investigating a newspaper report that alliance units failed to help a drifting boat carrying African migrants from Libya, leading to the deaths of 62 people from thirst and hunger.
The boat carrying 72 people, including several women, young children and political refugees, ran into trouble after leaving Tripoli for the Italian island of Lampedusa on March 25, according to Britain's Guardian newspaper.
An alarm was raised with the Italian coastguard and the boat made contact with a military helicopter and a NATO warship. But no rescue effort was attempted and all but 10 died after their vessel drifted for 16 days, the report said.
"We are looking into the allegations of the Guardian. I hope to have a reaction soon," NATO spokeswoman Carmen Romero said. "NATO vessels are fully aware of their responsibilities with regard to international maritime law on safety of lives at sea." |